Metric AWG to MM2 Conversion Chart

This article will demystify the AWG to mm² conversion, providing you with the essential charts, standards, and practical knowledge you need.

In Europe, the cross-sections of electrical conductors are based on the IEC 60228 standard, but it is not the only global reference. In the US and many other American countries, the standard system used to measure the diameter of cables and wires is the American Wire Gauge. If you work with cables, you’ve likely encountered them: while both indicate conductor size, they are not interchangeable, and using the wrong one can lead to serious project delays and safety hazards.

AWG AND mm²: WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE?

Before we jump to the conversion, it’s crucial to understand the core difference between these two units:

• AWG (American Wire Gauge): Used primarily in the US, Canada, and other North American countries. This standard, governed by ASTM B 496 and ASTM B 400, is a logarithmic scale where a higher AWG number denotes a thinner wire. For example, a 22 AWG wire is much thinner than a 10 AWG wire.
• mm² (Square Millimeters): Used throughout most of the world that employs the metric system. This standard, defined by IEC 60228, is a direct measurement of the conductor’s cross-sectional area. A larger mm² value means a thicker, more robust cable.

Key Takeaway: The fundamental difference lies in their nature: AWG is a gauge number based on a logarithmic scale, while mm² is a direct measurement of the physical cross-sectional area.

WHY CORRECT CABLE SIZING IS CRITICAL

Choosing the correct cable size is paramount for safety, performance, and cost-efficiency. A thin cable has higher electrical resistance, which leads to voltage drop and excessive heat generation under load. This can cause inefficiency, damage to insulation, and in severe cases, fire. Conversely, a thicker cable has lower resistance and can safely carry higher currents.

Tip: Always overspecify slightly when in doubt. A cable with a larger cross-section (lower AWG / higher mm²) than strictly necessary provides a safety margin and reduces energy losses.

DOCUMENTATION: STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATIONS

When specifying cables, always refer to the governing standards to ensure compliance and safety.

ELECTRIC CABLE CONVERSION TABLE

This is your go-to table for converting between American Wire Gauge and metric sizes. Bookmark this page!

Download the conversion table in PDF format here.

7 STEP CABLE SELECTION CHECKLIST

Before you finalize your cable order, run through this quick checklist:

• Determine the required current (amps) for your application.
• Identify the system voltage.
• Know the total cable length to account for voltage drop.
• Select the appropriate conductor material (Copper or Aluminum).
• Choose the correct insulation type (e.g., PVC, XLPE) for the environment.
• Convert the required size between AWG and mm² using the chart.
• Verify the ampacity against your local electrical standards.

CABLE INSTALLATION GUIDANCE

Proper installation is as important as correct sizing.

• Bending Radius: Avoid sharp bends. Follow the manufacturer’s specified minimum bending radius to prevent damaging the conductor and insulation.
• Terminations: Ensure all terminations and connections are secure and properly torqued. Loose connections create hotspots.
• Environmental Factors: Consider the installation environment (e.g., ambient temperature, direct burial, conduit) as it directly impacts the cable’s current-carrying capacity. Always derate cables when installed in bundles or high-temperature areas.

GET A PRECISE QUOTE FOR YOUR PROJECT

Navigating cable standards and ensuring you have the right parts can be complex and time-consuming. Let Top Cable handle it for you.

We are a global leader in cable manufacturing, adhering to international standards like IEC, BS and UL. Our experts can help you specify the perfect cable for your project’s needs, ensuring safety, performance, and compliance.

Ready to streamline your procurement?

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